Bolt ndi gawo lodziwika bwino lamakina, lomwe nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ambiri. Ndi mutu ndi wononga, mbali ziwiri za zikuchokera kalasi ya fasteners, amene ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi mtedza, makamaka kuteteza kugwirizana magawo awiri ndi kudzera dzenje. Mwinamwake simukudziwa za ubwino wa bolt, nkhaniyi idzakudziwitsani za bolt, chidziwitso cha khalidwe, kuti anthu ambiri aphunzire kuzindikira zing'onozing'ono za bolt.
Kodi mikhalidwe ndi zida za ma bolts zimatanthauza chiyani?
Bolt khalidwe limafanana ndi 4.8, 8.8, 10.9 ndi makhalidwe ena bawuti.
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga bawuti ndi Q235, 35K, 40Cr, 45 # chitsulo, 35CrMo chitsulo, 304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi 316 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndi zina.
Chitsulo chofatsa chimatha kupanga mabawuti otsika, sing'anga mpweya zitsulo zimatha kupanga mabawuti amphamvu, chitsulo chokwera mpweya ndi chitsulo cha aloyi zimatha kupanga mabawuti amphamvu kwambiri. Ena bawuti magiredi amanena mankhwala zikuchokera ndi lolingana mawotchi katundu, komanso kuzindikira zakuthupi.
Nawu mndandanda wamagiredi wamba wa bawuti, kutengera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kalasi 4.8 akhoza kukhala Q235, Q195 ndi zina wofatsa zitsulo zipangizo. Kalasi 5.8, Q235, angagwiritsidwe ntchito zipangizo zonse ndipo safuna kutentha kutentha. Level 8.8, ulusi awiri 16 mm kapena zochepa, 35 #, kutentha mankhwala, 16 mm kapena kuposa, 45 # ndi otsika mpweya aloyi zitsulo, kutentha ankachitira. Level 10.9, sing'anga mpweya aloyi zitsulo, kutentha mankhwala. Kutentha mankhwala 35Crmo 40Cr, etc.
Kodi mabawuti amphamvu kwambiri angasiyanitsidwe ndi mabawuti wamba potengera zinthu zawo?
Maboti nthawi zambiri amagawidwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zawo.
Bolt ntchito mlingo 3.6, 4.6, 4.8, 5.6, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10,9, 12.9 ndi zina zotero, oposa 10 makalasi, kuphatikizapo mabawuti 8.8 ndi pamwamba opangidwa ndi otsika mpweya aloyi zitsulo kapena sing'anga-mpweya zitsulo ndi kutentha mankhwala (wowuma, odziwika bwino, kupsya mtima, kupsya mtima zina, kupsa mtima omwe amadziwika kuti ma bolt wamba. Kuyika chizindikiro kwa bawuti kumakhala ndi magawo awiri a kuchuluka kwa manambala, motsatana ndi mphamvu yokhazikika ya bawuti ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yopindika.
Mwachitsanzo, mulingo wa magwiridwe antchito a kalasi 8.8 mabawuti ndi awa
1, mphamvu yodziwika bwino ya bawuti ndi 800MPa;
2, chiŵerengero cha mphamvu zokolola za bawuti ndi 0,8;
3, mphamvu yotulutsa mwadzina ya bawuti ndi 800 × 0.8 = 640MPa. Ma bawuti amphamvu kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi giredi 8.8 ndi 10.9, ndipo mabawuti wamba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi giredi 4.8.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji kusiyana pakati pa mabawuti amphamvu kwambiri ndi mabawuti wamba?
Zipangizo zachitsulo za carbon zimagawidwa kukhala zamphamvu kwambiri komanso zamba. Zitsulo zazitsulo za carbon zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zamphamvu kwambiri zimatchedwa ma bolts amphamvu kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, timagwiritsa ntchito 45 # zitsulo kupanga mabawuti awiri mutu, ndipo mwachitsanzo, timagwiritsa ntchito 35k zitsulo kupanga mabawuti hexagonal ndi mabawuti hexagonal, mabawuti awa amaponyedwa, padzakhala ndondomeko kutentha mankhwala, akamaliza, mlingo wa bawuti kufika kalasi 8.8, ngakhale zinthu zomwezo carbon zitsulo, koma chifukwa cha kuti mkulu mphamvu bolts, amatchedwa mkulu mlingo wa bolt. Mwachitsanzo, timagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo za 40Crmo alloy kupanga ma bolt 10.9 hex, ndipo mwachitsanzo, timagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo za 35Crmo kuti tipange mabawuti 12.9, etc.
Maboti opangidwa ndi zida zachitsulo wamba amatchedwa mabawuti wamba. Mwachitsanzo, timagwiritsa ntchito Q235 zakuthupi kupanga mabawuti 4.8 hexagonal, monga chuma chathu A3 zitsulo kubala mtedza 4 hexagonal, etc., zinthu zimenezi akamaliza kupanga zimangofunika kuyeretsa pamwamba kapena electro-galvanised pamwamba mankhwala, ndipo safuna kutentha kutentha, kotero iwo amatchedwa mabawuti wamba.
Kuchokera pamwambapa, tikhoza kukhazikitsa lamulo: zomwe zimatchedwa ma bolts amphamvu kwambiri, mwachitsanzo omwe ali ndi zida zamakina zofanana kapena zazikulu kuposa 8.8 ndipo zomwe zimafuna chithandizo cha kutentha, zimatchedwa ma bolts amphamvu kwambiri. Maboti okhala ndi makina ochepera 8.8 amatchedwa mabawuti wamba, okhala ndi mphamvu ya 4.8, omwe safuna chithandizo cha kutentha.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-30-2024